| Dulce et Decorum Est | latin words translation: It is sweet and fitting. | "Dulce et Decorum" is from a poem by Horace. |
| flares | devices which light up the night sky | The police lit flares to warn drivers of the accident ahead. |
| shod | wearing shoes | He was shod only in tennis shoes when marching through the snow. |
| ecstacy | mindless joy, also frantic activity | In the ecstacy of the moment, she forgot her troubles. |
| lime | in this context, an acid like chemical | The lime got in the soldiers' eyes and blinded them in their advance. |
| writhing | twisting in pain | Sick with diarrhea, the patient writhed on the ground. |
| cud | something chewed | The cow chewed its cud before swallowing. |
| vile | repulsive | She couldn't wait to get away from the vile man. |
| zest | great enthusiasm | Her zest for life touched everyone she met. |
| ardent | full of desire | Her ardent love for him surpassed all reason. |